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Jane's Pacific Islands Radio Newsletter
(Island Music) Vol. 6, Edition No.11/12, November/December 2006 http://www.pacificislandsradio.com/ I N T H I S I S S U E ____________________________ Objectives News and Views Feature Artists Notice Board Coming Events Pacific Islands Radio Island Music Suppliers Links Letters It's Time To Chat! T H E V I E W _____________________________________ Pacific Islands Radio (Island Music) News and Views Welcome everybody to our Newsletter for November/December 2006! It is certainly great to be back in touch with you all again and, as always, I would very much like to take this wonderful opportunity to sincerely wish everybody good health, prosperity, happiness, peace and harmony. As this is our final Newsletter for 2006, I would also like to wish everybody the very best for the festive season along with my very sincerest gratitude and heartfelt thanks for all your most valued support and kind thoughts during the year. Thank you so very much! Please join with me in extending a very warm and sincere Pacific Island welcome to, once again, the incredible and fantastic number of new members who have joined us since our last Newsletter! Thank you so very much! I would most sincerely like to welcome you on board! Please make yourselves feel at home, relax and enjoy the music! May you also find your stay and time with us to be enjoyable, mutually beneficial and most rewarding! OBJECTIVES This Newsletter is a listening guide to the many wonderful listeners of our Internet Pacific Islands Radio Stations. http://www.pacificislandsradio.com/index.htm In addition, the Newsletter will focus on issues relating to Pacific Island music. It also embraces some of the exciting changes taking place in the Internet Radio Revolution, as well as updated information on our Pacific Island Artists, Programming and Playlists. NEWS AND VIEWS In this our final Pacific Islands Newsletter for 2006, I would like to talk a little about the music and, in particular, the traditional music of the New Zealand Maori. Certainly, the music of the New Zealand Maori, ranging from diva Dame Kiri Te Kanawa to traditional choirs and popular music stars, have gained an appreciative worldwide audience. The New Zealand Maori are, of course, Polynesian, and have lived in New Zealand ever since approximately the eleventh century A.D. They refer to their homeland as Aotearoa, The Land of the Long White Cloud. In terms of the origins of the Maori, modern evidence, including DNA analysis, confirms the opinion that modern man, in the form of Homo sapiens, first came out of Africa as early as 160,000 years ago. Of the pioneers who moved across Asia, one group moved south-east down through the Indo-Malaysian archipelago, crossing over into Australia during a brief window of opportunity 65,000 years ago when water levels dropped. They also reached Papua, also possibly as early as 65,000 years ago, eventually moving from there across the Pacific. Archaeologists believe that Polynesian people came from a small central group that spoke the Austronesian language on the island of Taiwan. Genetic studies have also now indicated that the ancestors of this group were the sailors of the great canoes who started out on their journey further back along the trail in eastern Indonesia. Researchers in New Zealand have also recently concluded that the male and female ancestors of Maori people came from different places. The team, from Victoria University in Wellington, New Zealand, have found that Maori women have genetic markers that suggest their ancestors came from mainland South-east Asia, probably about 6,000 years ago. As they travelled south from island to island, it appears that Melanesian men joined the men and women on the boat, with a small group of people eventually arriving in New Zealand via the Polynesian triangle, about 1,000 years ago. Indeed, the word Polynesia, which means many islands, comes from the Greek words 'poly' which means 'many' and 'nesos' which means 'island'. Polynesia stretches in a huge triangle from New Zealand in the southwest to Easter Island, 8,000 kilometres away in the southeast and up to Hawaii at its northern point. The Polynesian people are lighter skinned and are generally taller than the Melanesian and Micronesian people. The Maori view of creation in which all nature was seen as a great kinship tracing its origins back to a single pair, the Sky Father and the Earth Mother, was a conception which they brought with them when they came from Central Polynesia about 1,000 A.D. Furthermore, this belief in a primal pair, as well as the metaphysical idea of an original Void or Darkness, seems to be part of the stock of ideas which the ancestors of the Polynesians brought with them from the west, from the Asian mainland, and which they carried with them as they dispersed into marginal Polynesia. The resultant shift in names and attributes, and the elaboration of themes which occurred throughout the area certainly cannot obscure this underlying unity of ideas. The name 'Maori' is derived from Ma-Uri, which means 'Children of Heaven'. Their nickname is 'Vikings of the Sunrise', because they are fierce warriors. Originally, they were hunters, but soon became peasants, living off agriculture. Today, approximately 300.000 Maori are mainly living in the cities, but they remain closely connected to their tribes. Their tribal groupings are derived from the people of each canoe, settling New Zealand in the early times. Traditional Maori villages are fortified with an open space in the centre, called the 'marae', on which the meeting house or 'whare hui' is located. This building represents the symbolic body of the ancestor. Around the fort sites, a palisade with watch tower is built. In these watch towers are suspended alarm gongs comprising huge wooden plates referred to as 'pahu'. The Maori religion is closely related to nature and to the ancestors. Nature itself is considered a living being and thus the interaction between man and nature is bound by prescripts and rituals. The notion 'tapu' (sacred), from which the word 'tabu' is deduced, is still a central notion in contemporary Maori society. Tiki are anthropomorphic ornaments representing spiritual beings. Many times they have some kind of deformation, like only 3 fingers and they can be both positive and negative towards mankind. Much of the Maori religion remains intact and many rituals associated with traditional visual arts and traditional music are still carried out with strong ties between songs and magic still remaining. Traditional Maori music, in the main, only used aerophones and idiophones to support the vocals. Aerophones were mainly of the following types. Koauau, which can be made out of different materials: wood or even a human bone. It is a straight blown flute, blown under an angle, 12 to 15 cm long and with a bore of 1 to 2 cm. When the instrument isn't played, it's worn around the neck. It has 3 finger holes. Porutu is a flute similar to the koauau but longer: it measures between 30 and 40 cm. There is doubt about wether it is an original Maori instrument or an imitation of the western flute. Nguru is a small instrument (8 to 10 cm). It is curved at one end, because originally this flute was made out of a whale tooth. It can also be made out of wood, stone, clay. It has one open end like the koauau and one small opening at the curved end. It has 2 to 4 finger holes. Whio is a bone flute made out of an albatross bone. The instrument is 15 cm long, has a diameter of 1.5 cm and 4 finger holes. The instrument was played by men in order to attract the attention of women they longed for. Puukaaea is a wooden war trumpet, made out of two pieces of wood cut lengthwise and hollowed out. Both pieces are again assembled and kept in place by fibres or ropes. The length varies between 1m and 2,5 meter. At one side there is a sculptured wooden mouthpiece and the other side of the instrument is broader and resembles an open mouth. Inside tohu are sculptures, representing the human tonsils and uvula. The puukaaea could be used during the war as a megaphone or as an alarm instrument. Puutoorino, which is often referred to as a bugle-flute instead of trumpet, because the instrument could also be used as a flute, but originally it was a trumpet. It is about 30 to 60 cm long and is made as the puukaaea out of two pieces of wood, but here widest in the middle and more narrow at both end sides. In the middle are sound holes, mostly in the shape of an eight, are made as the open mouth of a sculptured face. Near the mouthpiece, another face is carved, or a tiki (men/spirit) or a manaia (men/bird). The player placed his hand over the sound hole in order to change the tones of the instrument. Originally, this instrument was mainly used to announce the coming and arrival of a tribal chief. Teetere are flax trumpets simply made by winding a leaf to a horn shape. It was probably a children's toy, but could also be used to announce one's arrival in the village. Non-blown aerophones include the Puurorohuu which is a bullroarer made out of a piece of wood. By swinging the bullroarer around, a roaring sound is produced which it was thought would bring rain. The idiophone used comprised the following. Pahuu are wooden gongs: flat slabs of resonant wood, which were horizontally suspended above a platform in the watch tower of the palisade around the fortified village. It was hit in case of danger, but also used to call the men to go to war.Some tribes, living in the woods, carved their war pahuu out of a hollow tree. The wooden slab was sometimes cut away and separated from the tree or sometimes it remained a fixed part of the tree. Paakuru is an instrument, which is held between the teeth of the player, can be compared to a jew's-harp. It comprised a simple piece of wood of 40 to 50 cm long, 2 to 5 cm broad and 1 cm thick, struck by a little wooden stick. The sound is changed by the position of the mouth and the movements of the lips. Nowadays, the paakuru knows a revival as a whalebone paakuru. Rooria are similar to paakuru, but smaller: only 7 to 10 cm long. Maori lovers use it for intimate conversations. Finally, Tokere are whalebones used as clappers. The traditional vocal music can be divided in two categories: the recitatives and the songs. The recitatives have no fixed pitch organisation and the tempo is much higher than the song's tempo. Among the recitatives is a welcome ceremony known as Powhiri. This welcome ceremony is a mixed form. Men shout fiercely, whilst women sing in a melodic way. The Powhiri often starts with the men standing in front of the women. The men make clear they are ready for a battle by shouting, menacing with their weapons and grimacing. After a while, the women gently come to the front, singing and carrying green leaves. The men kneeled down on one knee and put their weapons on the floor. Most of the time a Powhiri ends with a haka (men song) without weapons. Haka are shouted speeches by men, combined with a fierce dance. Haka Taparahi are performed without weapons and they can give expression to different emotions depending on the situation for which they are performed. Haka Peruperu are performed with weapons and associated with war dances. Another form of recitative is known as Ngeri and is used to annihilate any form of tapu. Other forms of recitatives are Karakia which are quick incantations and spells.They are used during daily life by both adults and children, but also during rituals. The ritual karakia is difficult and dangerous to execute, because a mistake during the performance will attract bad luck, illness and even the death of the reciter. For very important karakia, two priest reciters are needed in order to alternate the breathing pause, because even the slightest moment of silence could result into disaster. Paatere are mainly performed in group and composed by women in answer to gossip. The texts of paatere consist merely out of summing up of the kinship connections of the author. Kaioraora are like paatere answers to gossip but with a rude, offensive text The second form of traditional music are Songs and the Sung Poetry, also called Nga Moteatea, which often consist mainly of laments, but sometimes also consist of love songs and lullabies. Traditionally, sung poetry of this form was accompanied by a koauau flute. Traditional songs comprise the following forms: Poi, which are songs accompanied by a form of dance in which women hit their body rhythmically with one or two mainly cotton balls attached to the end of a string. Oriori, which are songs composed to teach children of high rank about their special descent and history.Pao are songs originating out of a kind of instant-composing: the composer sings the first couplet and is then repeated by the chorus, and so on. These are songs of local interest. They can be funny or serious.Waiata is the most common category of Maori songs and comprise laments about different topics. Traditionally, waiata are sung in groups and in unisono. Waiata tangi are laments for the dead. The word 'tangi' means 'weeping'. This form is mainly composed by women. During burial ceremonies, women were expected to show signs of deep grief, for example, by wounding their faces with sharp stones. Sometimes, these waiata were very personal, telling about the composer's emotions and feelings towards the dead. When composed by men, the waiata tangi can also instruct us about the warrior qualities of the dead person. They can also, for example, allude to most of the calamities that can befall mankind. Finally, waiata ahore are love songs, and waiata whaiaaipo are songs for the beloved one. They are often still laments and tell us about all the misery that a love affair can provoke. There is little doubt that Maori music, like that of other Pacific Islanders, has changed under the influence of western culture. In this respect, it is most pleasing to see, next to the commercialisation, a strong revival of the traditional Maori music, along with a growing pride in the beautiful traditional Maori culture. FEATURE ARTIST PAPUA NEW GUINEA STRINGBANDS Papua New Guinea Stringbands CD Songs Of The Volcano is a fascinating, raw and unique sound from five villages in East New Britain with five different Tolai stringbands.. Papua New Guinea is home to a huge indigenous population speaking more than 800 languages, it laid largely undiscovered until the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and hence is one of the last places on the planet to have guitars arrive from afar. Rabaul, in Papua New Guinea's far flung province of East New Britain, is a town which has had its share of hard times. In the same century, it has been destroyed twice by massive volcanic cataclysms and once by a devastating war imposed on it by outsiders. The Tolai people of Rabaul have suffered greatly from these natural and manmade disasters and yet, somehow, have always managed to bounce back and keep their spirits high. One of the main contributing factors to their capacity for optimism is their music, an energetic and unique blend of voices and instruments performed by the community's local stringbands. The music carries a fragile innocence and beauty reminiscent of what guitar music may have sounded like, in Hawaii in 1860, or Mexico in 1830. Most music travelled throughout the Pacific Ocean on boats, with sailors leaving behind instruments and ideas to then percolate in isolation. Hence, the music on this album will seem at once exotic, yet somehow familiar.Even today, there is still very little mass media penetration in Papua New Guinea, though that is changing, and thus makes the preservation of the traditional music even more necessary. Material from this CD is being proudly featured on our Pacific Islands Radio, and it is highly recommended for those who enjoy vibrant and compelling guitar music performed from the heart. * * * * * * * * * * NOTICE BOARD OCEANIA MESSAGE FORUMS I am very pleased to be able to say that, in addition to our main Oceania Guest Book, additional Forums have been introduced to all Web sites of the main islands and islets of the Pacific, as well as personalities, along with our Pacific Islands Radio Web sites: http://pub47.bravenet.com/forum/4004922603 As you are no doubt aware, these Forums have been most beneficial in bringing together many people with an interest in and a love of the beautiful and enchanting music of the Pacific Islands. You are cordially invited to share your valuable and important thoughts and opinions with us all. Recent additions also include the Web sites for Hawaii, Tahiti, Samoa, Republic of Nauru, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Tonga, Tokelau, Easter Island, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Cook Islands and Pitcairn Island, Niue, as well as our Oceania Postcards and Picture Galleries - and many more! Thank you. COMING EVENTS WORLD EVENTS GUIDE PACIFIKA POLYNESIAN FESTIVAL AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND 9th March 2007 - 10th March 2007 A feast for the senses, Pasifika Festival reproduces the sensation of wandering among Pacific Island villages, close to the heart of Auckland. In an extensive park and lakeland site, musicians and artists give an insight into the traditions of the islands with performances such as Niuean dance, Cook Island drums, Samoan Siva, Tongan war chants, Fijian love songs and many more examples of Pacific Island heritage. Over 200,000 people and hundreds of performers attend this popular one day festival, where the performances are spread over many acres and cross the spectrum of film screenings, poetry readings, opera, serious jazz and soul funk bands. Pasifika hosts over 350 stalls selling a variety of products from fresh coconuts and tapa cloths to hats, music and ice cream. As a warm-up to the main event, an opening night music concert is given on the Friday evening. http://www.worldeventsguide.com/event.ehtml?o=2084 HAWAII - MOLOKAI FESTIVAL 27TH JANUARY 2007 Held on January 27th from 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. at the Mitchell Pauole Center in the heart of Kaunakakai Town. The Makahiki Committee has a variety of trainers and training materials to assist others in organizing their own Makahiki Games. http://www.molokai-hawaii.com/ * * * * * * * * * * * * "Coming Events" outlines some of the many events on our musical and dancing calendar throughout the year hence the inclusion in our monthly Pacific Islands Radio Newsletter (Island Music). As valued members of our Pacific Islands Radio Newsletter, you are invited to share any of your most welcome thoughts and great ideas about Pacific Island musical events/festivals, etc. that you feel should be shared and enjoyed by all our members. I humbly feel that our members would greatly appreciate your kind gesture in sharing this very useful information with us. Thank you so much! PACIFIC ISLANDS RADIO I would like to mention, in response to some of the e-mails and messages that I have received, from those wonderful people who would like to listen to our beautiful Pacific Island music, but unfortunately are unable to actually listen to the music. Basically, it is quite easy to access and enjoy Pacific Islands Radio. Once you have accessed the page, it is most necessary to firstly log on, in order to be able to listen to the music. The process of being able to log on can be achieved by providing your username and password before clicking on the yellow 'Play' button provided on the centre of the page. Good Luck and Enjoy! In addition, the many listeners who would like to purchase the music played on our Pacific Islands Radio Stations, in CD format, can obtain details of recommended suppliers by clicking on Artists' Profiles on Pacific Islands Radio Home Page: www.pacificislandsradio.com Pacific Islands Radio continues to offer a range of broadcasting formats in order to allow a wide range of listeners to enjoy our beautiful island music. STATIONS Our Pacific Islands Radio Stations play the enchanting music of the Pacific Islands 24 hours daily. www.pacificislandsradio.com http://www.pacificislandsradio.com/index.htm http://www.janeresture.com/radio/index.htm TWO FREE INTERNET RADIO STATIONS: (See News and Views August/September 2006) Pacific Islands Radio http://www.live365.com/stations/janeresture Radio Melanesia http://www.live365.com/stations/janeres VIP PREFERRED MEMBERS - PAYING MEMBERS (See News and Views August/September 2006) Pacific Music Radio (mp3PRO) http://www.live365.com/stations/drjaneresture Micronesia Music Radio http://www.live365.com/stations/jane_resture PACIFIC ISLAND MUSIC SUPPLIERS The following are some of the main specialist suppliers of our music from the Pacific Islands, which are now being used and are highly recommended by Pacific Islands Radio. KING MUSIC - AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND Kingmusic offers a wide selection of Pacific Island music which is available on the Internet. http://www.kingmusic.co.nz/ ISLANDMELODY.COM Pacific Islands Radio would like to recommend Islandmelody.com for a selection of traditional and contemporary music with an emphasis on Micronesian music. http://www.islandmelody.com BWANARAOI MUSIC SHOP - TARAWA, REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI For Kiribati music, along with music from other Pacific Islands and elsewhere, you are invited to contact the following exclusive distributor: Bwanaraoi Music Shop Republic of Kiribati Phone/Fax (686) 28236 E-mail: angirota@tskl.net.ki LINKS MUSIC OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND NATIONS General The Pacific Ocean covers a third of the earth's surface and contains the deepest waters in the world. It is also a region with deep musical traditions, too, buffeted by the regular currents of colonists and explorers and now undergoing dramatic changes.You can hear music ranging from ancestral navigational chants and glorious polyphonic singing to laments about nuclear testing. The ethnic cultures of the Pacific can be divided into three main areas - Melanesia, lying mostly south of the equator, Micronesia, north of the equator above it, and Polynesia, spread over a huge area to the east. http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/sass/music/musicarchive/PacificInfo.html WELCOME TO THE MUSIC ARCHIVE OF THE PACIFIC The Music Archive for the Pacific has been established by the Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia. for the main purpose of providing a collection of recordings of indigenous music, related books, journals, musical instruments and art works to interested persons for research purposes. The archive covers the music of the indigenous people of Australia (incl. Torres Strait), Papua New Guinea (incl. Bougainville), New Zealand as well as the nations of the Pacific Islands - Cook Islands, Easter Island, Fiji, Hawaii, Nauru, New Caledonia, Rarotonga, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tahiti, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu. http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/arts/music/musicarchive/ArchiveHome.html MUSIC ARCHIVE FOR THE PACIFIC http://www.scu.edu.au/schools/arts/music/musicarchive/ArchiveArchive.html ************************ LETTERS The following are extracts from a few interesting and most welcome letters that I have recently received about our four Pacific Islands Radio Stations, our artists and music. In this respect, it is my great pleasure to be able to share these letters with you all as I find them to be most uplifting, supportive, motivating and encouraging. They also provide much needed feedback in order to continuously monitor and enhance the quality of the service provided by Pacific Islands Radio. Please join with me in thanking these wonderful people for sharing their kind thoughts with us all. ************* Yokwe from Iraq! Pacific Islands Radio is one of my favourites and I do love to listen to all island music, especially Marshallese, Tongan, Fijian, and some other Polynesian Islands. Hello Jane, Ever since my wife and I spent our 2nd wedding anniversary in Bora Bora, I have fallen in love with Polynesia and all of the South Pacific. Thanks for bringing the memories back. If you have any recommendations on CDs I can listen in my car, please let me know. Once again, thank you so much, your Pacific Islands Radio station is the greatest! Dallas, Texas. USA Dear Jane, My wife and I really enjoy listening to your radio station. She used to work on a cruise shipline that used to travel to your area. This was quite a few years ago. I am currently employed as a Fire Department paramedic in the City of Gary, State of Indiana, United States of America. We would love to work and live in the South Pacific area. Is there any information you can provide us ... were any of the islands need paramedics? I am sure that some of these islands are desperately in need of qualified emergency medical personnel. References and credentials are available upon request. I would appreciate any information or help you can provide. Thank-you very much! Hello Jane! My name is Archibald and I'm from Germany! I want to thank you very much for bringing the Pacific islands music to us from all over the world. I was listening today to your broadcast and there was a song I like very much but I can't find it anymore. The song information was: "Pacific" by "Islands", and the duration was 3:41 minutes. Can you help me with finding this song? Thank you very much for reading this. Greetings and love from Germany! (Reply: Yes, of course, indeed! Thank you so much!) Dear Jane, We just want to thank you and congratulate you on such a wonderful internet compilation of art, pictures and postcards.I've been listening to Pacific Islands Radio for several days now, and truly enjoy it! We are with a Native youth ministry organisation based in New Mexico, and miss the islands. I also want to ask if you might have any thoughts or recommendations for us in planning for a visit next June/July, 2007.We plan to visit Eastern Australia and New Zealand as a group of Filipino and Native American young people for about 3 weeks.Our presentations include a bit of history, culture, and Christian testimony from the youth. Hoping to dialog with you more in the future, Creator's blessings --- www.nativecommission.org Hi Jane, I am from Vanuatu and currently living and studying in the Philippines. We just found out your PIR (Pacific Islands Radio) website and listen to it regularly with hunger and nostalgic ears. Thanks to you for airing the Pacific and its sounds globally. Would the collections of music be all that you have OR would you welcome any others you don't have yet on your collection? Fafe'tai Lava (Reply: Yes, I would certainly welcome any CDs that are not in our collection - many thanks.) Hi there Jane, we are performing to a Fijian song by a group called "Black Rose" (Voices of Nature), and we want to tell the meaning of this beautiful song.Unfortunately, we do not know anything about the song and was wondering if you could help me find the meaning to this song. The song is "Waidebala". Can you please get back to me as soon as possible please? Thank you so much! Thank you. Hello Jane, Ever since my wife and I spent our 2nd wedding anniversary in Bora Bora, I have fallen in love with Polynesia and all of the South Pacific. Thanks for bringing the memories back. If you have any recommendations on CD's I can listen to in my car, please let me know. Once again, thank you so much, your radio station is the greatest! Dallas, Texas. USA Hi Jane from Maui, Hawaii. Tonight we heard musicians from your country - Pan Pipers and dancers. They were wonderful. Can I buy a Pan Pipe from there so I can learn how to play? Can you help me please in that? Thank you. (Reply: Yes, I am more than happy to assist you to obtain a Pan Pipe.) Hello! My name is Jovitha and I'm a 11 year old who adores your website, and a proud PAPUA NEW GUINEAN as well. When I logged onto your website and heard the music playing with those beautiful images, I felt sad for my country as well as the lovely poem that you wrote, really inspired me. Thank you very much and I wish you all the best. ************* IT'S TIME TO CHAT Our Chat Rooms are always available for online chatting between parties and can be accessed via Jane's Oceania Home Page: http://www.janeresture.com or the URLs: http://pub18.bravenet.com/chat/show.php/1489671900 http://pub32.bravenet.com/chat/show.php/2702076781 COMMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS Your valuable contributions and comments are always most welcome and they can be sent to me at: jane@pacificislandsradio.com Thank you so much everybody for your very kind support and for being such important and valuable members of our Pacific Islands Radio (Island Music) Community. As always, let us all hope for continuing greater peace and harmony, good health, prosperity and happiness, for everybody! I wish you all the very best and please take care! Once again, I would like to take this opportunity of wishing everybody all the very best for the coming Festive Season - Best Wishes for A Blessed and Merry Christmas, and A Happy and Prosperous 2007! May our God bless us all and, as usual, I look forward to the pleasure of your company in the New Year! Jane Resture |
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(E-mail: jane@pacificislandsradio.com -- Rev. 12th December 2007)